Basic Examples

Addition

This program adds two numbers stored in memory addresses 1 and 2, and stores the result in address 3:

# Add two numbers
        LOAD 1      # Load the value from address 1
        ADD 2       # Add the value from address 2
        STORE 3     # Store the result in address 3
        HALT        # Stop execution

To run this program with specific input values:

ram run add.ram --memory "1=5,2=7"

After execution, memory address 3 will contain 12.

Subtraction

This program subtracts the number in address 2 from the number in address 1, and stores the result in address 3:

# Subtract two numbers
        LOAD 1      # Load the value from address 1
        SUB 2       # Subtract the value from address 2
        STORE 3     # Store the result in address 3
        HALT        # Stop execution

Multiplication

This program multiplies two numbers stored in addresses 1 and 2, and stores the result in address 3:

# Multiply two numbers
        LOAD 1      # Load the value from address 1
        MUL 2       # Multiply by the value from address 2
        STORE 3     # Store the result in address 3
        HALT        # Stop execution

Division

This program divides the number in address 1 by the number in address 2, and stores the result in address 3:

# Divide two numbers
        LOAD 1      # Load the value from address 1
        DIV 2       # Divide by the value from address 2
        STORE 3     # Store the result in address 3
        HALT        # Stop execution

Swap

This program swaps the values stored in addresses 1 and 2:

# Swap two values
        LOAD 1      # Load the value from address 1
        STORE 3     # Store it temporarily in address 3
        LOAD 2      # Load the value from address 2
        STORE 1     # Store it in address 1
        LOAD 3      # Load the temporary value
        STORE 2     # Store it in address 2
        HALT        # Stop execution

Absolute Value

This program calculates the absolute value of the number stored in address 1 and stores the result in address 2:

# Calculate absolute value
        LOAD 1      # Load the value from address 1
        JGTZ pos    # If it's positive, jump to 'pos'
        JZERO pos   # If it's zero, jump to 'pos'
        MUL =-1     # Otherwise, multiply by -1
pos:    STORE 2     # Store the result in address 2
        HALT        # Stop execution

Counting

This program counts from 1 to the value stored in address 1, storing each value in consecutive memory locations starting from address 2:

# Count from 1 to N
        LOAD =1     # Initialize counter to 1
        STORE 2     # Store counter in first output location
loop:   LOAD 2      # Load current counter
        SUB 1       # Compare with target value
        JZERO end   # If equal, we're done
        LOAD 2      # Load current counter
        ADD =1      # Increment counter
        STORE 2     # Update counter
        STORE 2[1]  # Store in next output location
        JUMP loop   # Repeat
end:    HALT        # Stop execution

Maximum

This program finds the maximum of two numbers stored in addresses 1 and 2, and stores the result in address 3:

# Find maximum of two numbers
        LOAD 1      # Load first number
        SUB 2       # Subtract second number
        JGTZ first  # If result > 0, first is larger
        LOAD 2      # Otherwise, load second number
        JUMP store  # Jump to store
first:  LOAD 1      # Load first number
store:  STORE 3     # Store the maximum in address 3
        HALT        # Stop execution

Minimum

This program finds the minimum of two numbers stored in addresses 1 and 2, and stores the result in address 3:

# Find minimum of two numbers
        LOAD 1      # Load first number
        SUB 2       # Subtract second number
        JGTZ second # If result > 0, second is smaller
        LOAD 1      # Otherwise, load first number
        JUMP store  # Jump to store
second: LOAD 2      # Load second number
store:  STORE 3     # Store the minimum in address 3
        HALT        # Stop execution

Sum of Array

This program calculates the sum of an array of numbers. Address 1 contains the length of the array, and the array elements are stored starting from address 2:

# Calculate sum of array
        LOAD =0     # Initialize sum to 0
        STORE 10    # Store sum in address 10
        LOAD 1      # Load array length
        STORE 11    # Store length in address 11
        LOAD =0     # Initialize index to 0
        STORE 12    # Store index in address 12
loop:   LOAD 12     # Load current index
        SUB 11      # Compare with array length
        JZERO end   # If equal, we're done
        LOAD 10     # Load current sum
        ADD 2[12]   # Add array element at current index
        STORE 10    # Update sum
        LOAD 12     # Load current index
        ADD =1      # Increment index
        STORE 12    # Update index
        JUMP loop   # Repeat
end:    HALT        # Stop execution

These examples demonstrate the basic capabilities of the RAM language. You can use them as starting points for your own programs or as references when learning the language.

Basic Examples

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